Negative Implications of Cannabis Abuse on General and Oral Health

Cannabis, also known as marijuana, is the most commonly used illicit drug in America. According to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), there were approximately 15.2 million users last month in America in 2008. He also said that about 2.2 million people used marijuana for the first time in 2008. On average about 6000 marijuana initiates per day. Many people become dependent on marijuana, not knowing about its harmful health effects. Today, cannabis abuse is of great concern because of its negative impact on the overall physical, mental and oral health.

There are three main forms of cannabis: marijuana, hash and hash oil, all of which contain the main psychoactive component, 'Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, simply referred to as THC. Cannabis affects almost all body systems, including cardiovascular, respiratory, mental and verbal systems. Some of the negative consequences of the abuse of cannabis:

Effects on general health
When someone smokes or uses of cannabis, THC passes from the lungs and stomach into the bloodstream, which carries a chemical the brain and other organs throughout the body.

According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), heart rate increased by 20 percent to 100 percent shortly after smoking marijuana. It is also assumed that marijuana users nearly five times the risk of heart attack during the first hour after the smoking of marijuana. The elderly or those with cardiac vulnerability to higher risk.

Long-term marijuana smoking is associated with negative effects on the respiratory system. The smoke from the cigarettes of cannabis has the same content as tobacco smoke, except for harmful content as carbon monoxide, bronchial irritants, resins and higher levels than the other carcinogens in tobacco smoke. Chronic cannabis users increased symptoms of bronchitis, including cough, wheezing, sputum production, more frequent acute chest illness, and increased risk of lung infections. Symptoms of bronchitis more often in cannabis users than non-smokers of the drug. Cannabis abuse results in dysregulation growth of epithelial cells in the lungs, which can lead to cancer.

Impact on mental health
The severe consequences of cannabis abuse vary greatly between individuals, depending on the dose, route of administration, the environment and the user's identity. Long-term abuse of cannabis increases the risk of serious mental illness.

THC acts on specific sites in the brain, called cannabinoid receptors. The highest density of cannabinoid receptors are located in those parts of the brain that influence pleasure, memory, thought, concentration, sensory and time perception, etc. Obviously, marijuana intoxication can cause distorted perceptions, impaired coordination, difficulty thinking and problem solving, and problems with learning and memory. Cannabis abuse can increase the rate of anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts and schizophrenia.

Impact on oral health
Cannabis users are prone to oral infections. Typically, cannabis abusers poor oral hygiene than non-users with higher decayed, missing and filled (DMF) teeth marks, have higher levels of plaque and less healthy teeth, gums. An important side effect of cannabis abuse, xerostomia (dry mouth caused by malfunctioning salivary glands). Cannabis smoking and chewing causes changes in the oral epithelium, called "cannabis stomatitis. Its symptoms include irritation and superficial anesthesia of the oral membrane tissue covering internal organs. With chronic use, it can progress to neoplasia (tumor growth).

Cannabis use causes oral cancer
Chronic cannabis smokers are at increased risk of developing oral leukoplakia (thick white patches on the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, including the language. It often occurs as a pre-cancer), oral cancer and other oral infections. Oral cancer associated with cannabis typically occurs on the front floor of the mouth and tongue.

Cannabis consumption and its impact on driving involving motor skills, reflexes and attention. This increases the risk of accidental. Cannabis abuse can cause problems in everyday life too. Cannabis impairs a number of important steps in the life achievement including physical and mental health, cognitive abilities, social life and career status.

The increasing prevalence of cannabis requires an understanding of the various adverse effects of cannabis abuse. People need to know about these phenomena and to take timely action to stay away from its negative consequences.

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