Negative Effects of Nicotine Usage on Human Physiology

Nicotine is highly addictive substance and its use has serious negative consequences for human health. Nicotine use is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) such as bronchitis and emphysema and lung cancer, larynx, oral cavity, esophagus, pharynx, etc. Smoking cigarettes and chewing tobacco releases a large amount of nicotine in the body, leading to further health disorders. Prolonged use of nicotine into a relationship over time and cause heart disease, high blood pressure, loss of appetite, etc.

Impact on:
Nicotine use has a number of long-and short-term adverse health effects. It affects mood, appetite, and nervous system.

Lungs
Nicotine is harmful to the normal functioning of the lungs. When nicotine reaches the blood through the lungs, it increases blood pressure and narrows the arteries restricting the amount of blood is distributed in the body. Less amount of blood decreases the volume of the lungs to distribute oxygen in the blood. Other substances such as carbon monoxide, which enters the blood, together with Nicotine reduces oxygen levels in the blood. The lack of oxygen affects the continued operation of the lungs. Nicotine also increases the risk of lung cancer and prolonged exposure may contribute to the growth and development of tumors in the lungs. In addition, other chemicals that enter the body with nicotine damages the cell structure of lung tissue.

Brain
Nicotine is the entry in the blood reaches the brain and alter its operation. Nicotine has the ability to mimic the activity of specific neurotransmitter in the body by binding to specific receptor. Once it binds to specific receptors, it is an imbalance of neurotransmitter activity in the body and causes muscle contraction, increased heart rate, breathing problems, inability to concentrate, and more. Nicotine also causes the release of dopamine, which gives a sense of fun and uplifting. Release of dopamine and changes the chemical composition of the brain then leads to addiction. Prolonged exposure to nicotine can lead to brain to develop tolerance to the effects of dopamine and lead to addiction. Thus, a person increases consumption of nicotine each time with a smoking or chewing tobacco, to achieve the same feeling of pleasure.

Blood pressure
Nicotine increases blood pressure by narrowing the size of blood vessels. Narrow blood vessels, the smaller supply of oxygenated blood flow to vital organs of the body, which may further cause complications. The narrowing of blood vessels can also cause heart failure. Less blood flow in the vessels of the brain may lead to the formation of clots, or leakage which could cause a stroke. The narrowing of blood vessels can increase the pressure on his weak areas causing aneurysms.

Central nervous system
Once nicotine enters the bloodstream, it reaches the brain rapidly and affects the functioning of the central nervous system (CNS), stimulating the activity of neurotransmitters. Nicotine stimulates the central nervous system that leads to increased blood pressure, increased heart rate, breathing, faster, and narrowing of blood vessels. Long-term effects of nicotine can be harmful to the central nervous system and can lead to muscular conditions like multiple sclerosis.

The sudden cessation of the use of nicotine can cause symptoms such as anxiety, increased appetite, craving, mood swings, depression, fatigue, and cognitive deficiencies. Effective treatment of treatment, such as nicotine replacement therapy can help in faster recovery and coping with withdrawal symptoms and cravings. Support from family and friends play a crucial role throughout the recovery process.